Which of the following maternal factors can affect fetal development?

The selection of age, environmental teratogens, diabetes, and high blood pressure as the answer highlights critical maternal factors that can directly impact fetal development.

Age is a significant factor because both very young and older mothers face increased risks during pregnancy that can lead to complications affecting fetal health and development. For instance, teenagers may have nutritional deficiencies that affect growth, while older mothers may have higher chances of genetic disorders.

Environmental teratogens, which include substances like alcohol, drugs, certain infections, and even some medications, can cause developmental issues and congenital anomalies. The timing and level of exposure can greatly influence the severity and type of impact on the fetus.

Diabetes in the mother can lead to gestational diabetes, which poses risks for both the mother and fetus, potentially leading to larger birth weights and increased chances of preterm labor and developmental challenges. High blood pressure, particularly if it leads to conditions like preeclampsia, can restrict blood flow to the fetus and complicate its development.

Overall, these factors directly correlate to serious health outcomes for the infant if not managed properly throughout the pregnancy.