What is long-term memory?

Long-term memory is recognized as the third stage of the memory system, which is responsible for storing information for extended periods, sometimes even a lifetime. This stage follows sensory memory and short-term memory, where information is first received and briefly held.

In long-term memory, information is organized and encoded for later retrieval, giving it a form of permanence. This is where we store everything from facts and knowledge to experiences and skills. The ability to recall information from long-term memory is crucial for learning and cognitive functioning, encompassing both explicit memory—such as facts and events—and implicit memory, allowing for skills and habits to be retained.

Understanding long-term memory as the third stage emphasizes its role in the broader memory process and demonstrates how it integrates with both sensory input and immediate recall to create a comprehensive memory system.