What aspect of cognitive function sees improvement during middle childhood?

During middle childhood, one of the most notable improvements in cognitive function is in working memory. This period, approximately ages 6 to 12, is characterized by significant developments in cognitive abilities, including the capacity to hold and manipulate information in one's mind over short periods. Working memory is essential for tasks such as problem-solving, following directions, and learning new concepts, as it allows children to retain information while they process and use it.

As children progress through middle childhood, they become more adept at using strategies to enhance their working memory. This includes techniques such as chunking information, rehearsing facts, and using mnemonic devices, which all contribute to more efficient cognitive processing. The improvements in working memory are linked to the maturation of the prefrontal cortex and other areas of the brain involved in executive functioning, facilitating better cognitive control and the ability to manage multiple pieces of information simultaneously.

While visual arts skills, musical talents, and physical abilities can also be developed during this stage, they are not classified strictly under cognitive function like working memory is. Working memory is a core cognitive ability that underpins many learning processes and academic performance, making it particularly significant during middle childhood.