How is child abuse defined?

Defining child abuse comprehensively requires an understanding of various forms it can take, which is why the selection highlighting that it encompasses any action causing physical or emotional harm to a child is accurate. Many definitions of child abuse include not only physical harm, such as hitting or other forms of violent actions, but also emotional and psychological abuse, which can manifest through behaviors that harm a child's emotional development, such as verbal abuse or neglect.

This definition aligns with legal standards and frameworks used in child protection services, which recognize that harm can come in many forms and from various actions. Neglecting a child's basic needs is indeed a form of abuse, but it is too narrow compared to the broader implications of causing harm, whether physical or emotional. Similarly, defining child abuse solely as physical harm overlooks the significant impact that emotional neglect and psychological maltreatment can have on a child's well-being. Thus, the correct choice captures the full spectrum of actions that can be classified as child abuse, ensuring a more holistic approach to understanding and addressing this critical issue.