According to social learning theory, how is behavior learned?

Social learning theory posits that behavior is primarily learned through observation, modeling, and the influence of reinforcement and punishment. This approach emphasizes that individuals can learn not just by experiencing consequences directly but also by watching others and the outcomes of their actions.

Observation allows people to see how behaviors are performed by others and the reactions those actions elicit from their environment. Modeling occurs when individuals emulate the behaviors of others, especially those they admire or see as role models. Reinforcement refers to the idea that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by negative outcomes tend to be avoided.

This theory supports the understanding that learning is a social process. Individuals do not operate in a vacuum but rather are influenced by the behaviors and consequences they observe in their social context. This is a key aspect that sets social learning theory apart from other theories that rely solely on direct instruction or personal experience.